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| Chapter 4: Reserved Words |
Keywords, also known as reserved words, are words that have special meanings. This chapter lists Transact-SQL and SQL92 keywords.
The words in the following list are reserved by Adaptive Server as keywords (part of SQL command syntax). They cannot be used as names of database objects such as databases, tables, rules, or defaults. They can be used as names of local variables and as stored procedure parameter names.
To find the names of existing objects that are reserved words, use sp_checkreswords.
A
add, all, alter, and, any, arith_overflow, as, asc, at, authorization, avg
B
begin, between, break, browse, bulk, by
C
cascade, case, char_convert, check, checkpoint, close, clustered, coalesce, commit, compute, confirm, connect, constraint, continue, controlrow, convert, count, create, current, cursor
D
database, dbcc, deallocate, declare, default, delete, desc, disk distinct, double, drop, dummy, dump
E
else, end, endtran, errlvl, errordata, errorexit, escape, except, exclusive, exec, execute, exists, exit, exp_row_size, external
F
fetch, fillfactor, for, foreign, from
G
goto, grant, group
H
having, holdlock
I
identity, identity_gap, identity_insert, identity_start, if, in, index, insert, install, intersect, into, is, isolation
J
jar, join
K
key, kill
L
level, like, lineno, load, lock
M
max, max_rows_per_page, min, mirror, mirrorexit, modify
N
national, noholdlock, nonclustered, not, null, nullif, numeric_truncation
O
of, off, offsets, on, once, online, only, open, option, or, order, over
P
partition, perm, permanent, plan, precision, prepare, primary, print
privileges, proc, procedure, processexit, proxy_table, public
Q
quiesce
R
raiserror, read, readpast, readtext, reconfigure, references remove, reorg, replace, replication, reservepagegap, return, revoke, role, rollback, rowcount, rows, rule
S
save, schema, select, set, setuser, shared, shutdown, some, statistics, stripe, sum, syb_identity, syb_restree
T
table, temp, temporary, textsize, to, tran, transaction, trigger, truncate, tsequal
U
union, unique, unpartition, update, use, user, user_option, using
V
values, varying, view
W
waitfor, when, where, while, with, work, writetext
Adaptive Server includes entry-level SQL92 features. Full SQL92 implementation includes the words listed in the following tables as command syntax. Upgrading identifiers can be a complex process; therefore, we are providing this list for your convenience. The publication of this information does not commit Sybase to providing all of these SQL92 features in subsequent releases. In addition, subsequent releases may include keywords not included in this list.
The words in the following list are SQL92 keywords that are not reserved words in Transact-SQL.
A
absolute, action, allocate, are, assertion
B
bit, bit_length, both
C
cascaded, case, cast, catalog, char, char_length, character, character_length, coalesce, collate, collation, column, connection, constraints, corresponding, cross, current_date, current_time, current_timestamp, current_user
D
date, day, dec, decimal, deferrable, deferred, describe, descriptor, diagnostics, disconnect, domain
E
end-exec, exception, extract
F
false, first, float, found, full
G
get, global, go
H
hour
I
immediate, indicator, initially, inner, input, insensitive, int, integer, interval
J
join
L
language, last, leading, left, local, lower
M
match, minute, module, month
N
names, natural, nchar, next, no, nullif, numeric
O
octet_length, outer, output, overlaps
P
pad, partial, position, preserve, prior
R
real, relative, restrict, right
S
scroll, second, section, session_user , size , smallint, space, sql, sqlcode, sqlerror, sqlstate, substring, system_user
T
then, time, timestamp, timezone_hour, timezone_minute, trailing, translate, translation, trim, true
U
unknown, upper, usage
V
value, varchar
W
when, whenever, write, year
Z
zone
If you are using the ISO/IEC 9075:1989 standard, also avoid using the words shown in the following list because these words may become SQL92 reserved words in the future.
A
after, alias, async
B
before, boolean, breadth
C
call, completion, cycle
D
data, depth, dictionary
E
each, elseif, equals
G
general
I
ignore
L
leave, less, limit, loop
M
modify
N
new, none
O
object, oid, old, operation, operators, others
P
parameters, pendant, preorder, private, protected
R
recursive, ref, referencing, resignal, return, returns, routine, row
S
savepoint, search, sensitive, sequence, signal, similar, sqlexception, structure
T
test, there, type
U
under
V
variable, virtual, visible
W
wait, without
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