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Chapter 2: The Embedded SQL Interface

Embedded SQL commands

Embedded SQL commands

Note:

EXEC SQL

ALL Embedded SQL statements must be preceded with EXEC SQL and end with a semicolon.

There are two groups of Embedded SQL commands:

Standard SQL commands are used by simply placing them in a C program enclosed with EXEC SQL and a semi-colon. CONNECT, DELETE, SELECT, SET and UPDATE have additional formats only available in Embedded SQL. The additional formats fall into the second category of Embedded SQL specific commands.

All commands are described in detail in SQL Statements .

Several SQL commands are specific to Embedded SQL and can only be used in a C program.

These Embedded SQL commands are also described in SQL Language Elements .

The Embedded SQL commands include the following:

• ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR

  Allocate memory for a descriptor

• CLOSE

  close a cursor

• CONNECT

  connect to the database

• DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR

  Reclaim memory for a descriptor

• Declaration Section

  declare host variables for database communication

• DECLARE

  declare a cursor

• DELETE (positioned)

  delete the row at the current position in a cursor

• DESCRIBE

  describe the host variables for a particular SQL statement

• DISCONNECT

  disconnect from database server

• DROP STATEMENT

  free resources used by a prepared statement

• EXECUTE

  execute a particular SQL statement

• EXPLAIN

  explain the optimization strategy for a particular cursor

• FETCH

  fetch a row from a cursor

• GET OPTION

  get the setting for a particular database option

• INCLUDE

  include a file for SQL preprocessing

• OPEN

  open a cursor

• PREPARE

  prepare a particular SQL statement

• PUT

  insert a row into a cursor

• SET CONNECTION

  change active connection

• SET OPTION

  change a database option value

• SET SQLCA

  use an SQLCA other than the default global one

• UPDATE (positioned)

  update the row at the current location of a cursor

• WHENEVER

  specify actions to occur on errors in SQL statements