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Installation and Administration Guide for Mainframe Connect for DB2 MVS-CICS

Glossary

Glossary

The abnormal ending of a task.

To obtain the use of a computer resource.

A number or binary code assigned to programs, documents, or folders that allows authorized users to access them.

A component of DirectConnect, a service library that provides access to non-Sybase data contained in a database management system or other type of repository. Each such repository is called a "target." Each access service library interacts with exactly one target and is named accordingly. See also service library.

See Advanced Communications Function.

See Access Service Library.

A group of IBM licensed programs, principally VTAM programs, TCAM, NCP, and SSP, that use the concepts of Systems Network Architecture (SNA), including distribution of function and resource sharing.

An extension to SNA featuring (a) greater distributed network control that avoids critical hierarchical dependencies, thereby isolating the effects of single points of failure; (b) dynamic exchange of network topology information to foster ease of connection, reconfiguration, and adaptive route selection; (c) dynamic definition of network resources; and (d) automated resource registration and directory lookup. APPN extends the LU 6.2 peer orientation for end-user services to network control and supports multiple LU types, including LU 2, LU 3, and LU 6.2.

Hardware and software that characterize the LU 6.2 architecture and its various implementations in products. See also logical unit 6.2.

An ordered set of well-defined rules for the solution of a problem in a finite number of steps.

See ASCII.

See authorized program analysis report.

See application program interface.

See advanced program-to-program communication.

Hardware and software configured to enable a remote transaction program to establish an APPC conversation with a partner transaction program in an SNA network. See also Systems Network Architecture.

See Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking.

The use to which an information processing system is put; for example, a payroll application, an airline reservation application, a network application.

The control structure produced during the bind process and used by the DB2 program to process SQL statements during application execution.

A program that is specific to the solution of an application problem.

A functional interface, supplied by an operating system or other licensed program, that allows an application program written in a high-level language to use specific data or functions of the operating system or the licensed program.

A programmer who designs programming systems and other applications for a user that applies to the user's work.

See automatically programmed tools.

A value supplied to a function or procedure that is required to evaluate the function.

A 7-bit standard code that permits transmittal of text, numbers, and some special characters among systems. Characters are represented by the numbers between 32 and 127, inclusive. The set includes uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and frequently-used special characters (such as $ & ; : # .

To translate an assembly language program into an object program.

A source language that includes symbolic machine language statements in which there is a one-to-one correspondence with the instruction formats and data formats of the computer.

To connect a device logically to a ring network.

The right to access objects, resources, or functions.

A report of a problem caused by a suspected defect in a current unaltered release of a program.

A programming language for numerically-controlled machine tools.

All addressable storage, other than main storage, that can be accessed by means of an input/output channel; for example, storage on magnetic tape or direct access devices.

A group of records or data processing jobs brought together for processing or transmission.

See Open ServerConnect for CICS/MVS base tape.

SQL statements from a compiled mainframe program where the access to DB2 was optimized and saved as static SQL in an application plan.

In programming languages, a compound statement that coincides with the scope of at least one of the declarations contained within it. A block can also specify storage allocation or segment programs for other purposes.

The number of data elements in a block.

In the connection of local loops, channels, or rings, the equipment and techniques used to match circuits and to facilitate accurate data transmission. A bridge connects networks or systems of the same or similar architectures, whereas a gateway connects networks or systems of different architectures. Contrast with gateway, router.

The action of bringing a computer program, a routine, or a subroutine into effect, usually by specifying the entry conditions and jumping to an entry point.

A system table that contains information about objects in a database, such as tables, views, columns, and authorizations.

A procedure that provides information about tables, columns, and authorizations. It is used in SQL generation and application development.

A group of logically-linked user data records processed by LU 6.2.

Devices attached to a controlling unit by cables, rather than by telecommunication lines.

Data in the form of letters and special characters, such as punctuation marks.

A set of specific (usually standardized) characters with an encoding scheme that uniquely defines each character. ASCII is a common character set.

A sequence of consecutive characters that are used as a value.

See Customer Information Control System.

The CICS area of the computer system in which an application is running.

In client/server systems, the part of the system that sends requests to servers and processes the results of those requests. See also client/server. Contrast with server.

Software that is responsible for the user interface, including menus, data entry screens, and report formats or an application that sends requests to another application that acts as a server. See also client, client/server, server.

An architecture in which the client is an application that handles the user interface and local data manipulation functions, while the server provides data processing access and management for multiple clients. See also client application.

A customer-written CICS program initiated on the host that uses the Sybase API to invoke MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS for DB2 as a client to MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS or to Adaptive Server. See also application program interface.

A station that consists of a control unit (a cluster controller) and the terminals attached to it.

A device that can control the input/output operations of more than one device connected to it. A cluster controller can be controlled by a program stored and executed in the unit, or it can be entirely controlled by hardware.

A high-level programming language, based on English, that is used primarily for business applications.

An assignment of graphic characters and control function meanings to all code point.

An order for an action to take place.

An operation performed for a particular command in a program.

An instruction to a database to make permanent all changes made to one or more database files since the last commit or rollback operation, and to make the changed records available to other users. Contrast with rollback.

A control section used to reserve a main storage area that can be referred to by other modules.

See COBOL.

The capability of a hardware or software component to conform with the interface requirements of a given data processing system without adversely affecting its functions.

To translate all or part of a program that is expressed in a high-level language into a computer program that is expressed in an intermediate language, an assembly language, or a machine language.

To append one term to another to make a combined term. For example, aaaabbb is a concatenation of aaaa and bbb.

To define to a system the devices, optional features, and programs installed on the system.

The capability to attach a variety of functional units without modifying them.

The part of a program specified by the programmer to be a relocatable unit, all elements of which are to be loaded into adjoining main storage locations.

In programming languages, a statement that is used to alter the continuous sequential execution of statements; a control statement may be a conditional statement, or an imperative statement.

a) A dialog between a user and an interactive data processing system.

b) Within the context of APPC, an exchange of information or a sequence of messages sent between two transaction programs. Conversations take place between two LUs over an established session. Also, a sequence of messages sent between two applications (for instance, client application and Adaptive Server).

See control section.

See Catalog Stored Procedure.

In SQL, a named control structure used by an application program to point to a row of data. The position of the row is within a table or view, and the cursor is used interactively to select rows from the columns.

An IBM licensed program that enables transactions entered at remote terminals to be processed concurrently by user-written application programs. It includes facilities for building, using, and maintaining databases.

See direct access storage device.

A storage area used by a program or device to hold information.

A set of related data tables and other database objects that are organized and presented to serve a specific purpose.

A computer-based system for defining, creating, manipulating, controlling, managing, and using databases. The software for using a database can be part of the database management system, or it can be a stand-alone database system.

An IBM relational database management system.

A job control statement describing a data set associated with a specific job step. See job control language.

In a program, an element of data structure, such as a file, array, or operand, that is needed for the execution of a program and that is named or otherwise specified by the allowable character set of the language in which the program is coded.

An object that communicates and stores data used by several programs in a job or between jobs.

A collection of items of information from the standpoint of its use in an application, as the user supplies it. The data record is stored physically separate from its associated control information in a control interval.

The major unit of data storage and retrieval, consisting of a collection of data in one of several prescribed arrangements and described by control information to which the system has access.

The term or phrase used to identify a dataset.

A collection of data, such as a database.

In programming languages, a set of values together with a set of permitted operations.

See double-byte character set.

A Sybase and Microsoft API that allows client applications to interact with ODS applications. See also application program interface.

See database management system.

See Database 2.

See data definition statement.

To detect, locate, and eliminate errors in computer programs.

To convert data by reversing the effect of some previous encoding.

A character that groups or separates words or values in a line of input.

A device in which access time is effectively independent of the location of the data.

A Sybase Open Server application that provides access management for non-Sybase databases, copy management (transfer), and remote systems management. Each DirectConnect consists of a server and one or more service libraries to provide access to a specific data source. DirectConnect replaces the products "MDI Database Gateway" and "Net-Gateway."

A Sybase Windows application that provides remote management capabilities for DirectConnect products. These capabilities include starting, stopping, creating, and copying services.

A Sybase LAN-based solution that communicates with mainframe host components. It incorporates the functionality of the MDI Database Gateway and the Sybase Net-Gateway and includes LU 6.2 and TCP/IP support.

A type of file containing the names and controlling information for other files or other directories.

A disk pack or part of a disk storage module.

A database that is physically decentralized and handled by a database management system in a way that provides a logically centralized view of the database to the user.

A set of characters in which each character is represented by 2 bytes. Languages such as Japanese, Chinese, and Korean, which contain more symbols than can be represented by 256 code points, require double-byte character sets. Because each character requires 2 bytes, the typing, display, and printing of DBCS characters requires hardware and programs that support DBCS. Contrast with single-byte character set.

A system or device that enables a functional unit to operate.

To record, at a particular moment, the contents of all or part of one storage device in another storage device. Dumping is usually for the purpose of debugging.

Pertaining to the preparation and processing of SQL source statements within a program while the program runs. The SQL source statements are contained in host-language variables rather than being coded directly into the application program. The SQL statement can change several times while the program runs. Contrast with static SQL.

A coded character set of 256 8-bit characters.

In data communication, a reflected signal on a communications channel. On a communications terminal, each signal is displayed twice, once when entered at the local terminal and again when returned over the communications link. This allows the signals to be checked for accuracy.

SQL statements that are embedded within a program and are prepared in the program preparation process before the program runs. After it is prepared, the statement itself does not change, although values of host variables specified within the statement might change.

In interactive communications, to load and start a subsystem, or to design a product in such a way as to facilitate the inclusion of national language functions.

A coded character recorded on a data medium to indicate the end of the medium or end of data.

A Sybase suite of products that enable heterogeneous data integration.

A variable that describes how an operating system runs and the devices it recognizes.

A dataset or file in a product or system where error information is stored for later access.

A message that a program issues, usually to the client application, when it detects an error condition.

See embedded SQL.

To carry out an instruction.

A user-written routine that receives control at predefined user exit points.

In programming languages, a language construct for computing a value from one or more operands; for example, literals, identifiers, array references, and function calls.

See EBCDIC.

See forms control table.

The smallest identifiable part of a record.

A collection of related data that is stored and retrieved by an assigned name.

A record having the same length as all other records with which it is logically or physically associated. Contrast with variable-length record.

See function management header.

In programming languages, a language construct that specifies the representation, in character form, of data objects in a file.

An object that contains the special processing requirements for output data streams received from a host system by a remote session.

A word suitable for processing by a given computer, usually treated as a unit.

One or more headers, optionally present in the leading request units (RUs) of an RU chain, that allow one LU to (a) select a transaction program or device at the session partner and control the way in which the end-user data it sends is handled at the destination, (b) change the destination or the characteristics of the data during the session, and (c) transmit between session partners status or user information about the destination (for example, a program or device). Function management headers can be used with LU type 1, 4, and 6.2 protocols.

Connectivity software that allows two or more computer systems with different network architectures to communicate. Contrast with bridge, router.

The combination of internationalization and localization. See also internationalization, localization.

A variable defined in one portion of a computer program and used in at least one other portion of the computer program. Contrast with local variable.

A type of computer interface consisting of a visual metaphor of a real-world scene, often of a desktop. Within that scene are icons, representing actual objects, that the user can access and manipulate with a pointing device.

A combination of alphanumeric characters that corresponds to a specific group name. The group ID can often be substituted in commands that take a group name as a value.

See graphical user interface.

A contiguous sequence of bits or characters that constitutes half a computer word and can be addressed as a unit.

A routine that controls a program's reaction to specific external events; for example, an interrupt handler.

A system of numbers to the base 16; hexadecimal digits range from 0 through 9 and A through F, where A represents 10 and F represents 16.

The mainframe or other machine on which a database, an application, or a program resides.

See Information Management System.

A list of the contents of a file or of a document, together with keys or references for locating the contents.

A database/data communication (DB/DC) system that can manage complex databases and networks.

Hardware, software, or both, that links systems, programs, or devices.

The process of extracting locale-specific components from the source code and moving them into one or more separate modules, making the code culturally neutral so it may be localized for a specific culture. See also globalization. Contrast with localization.

An organization of national standards bodies from various countries established to facilitate international exchange of goods and services, and develop cooperation in intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.

To start a command, procedure, or program.

See International Organization for Standardization.

A component of MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS that enables Open ServerConnect applications and the DB2 Access Module AMD2 transaction to convert data that passes between the mainframe and client using kanji and hankaku-katakana.

See job control language.

A collection of related programs, identified by appropriate job control statements.

In MVS, a control language used to identify a job to an operating system and to describe the job's requirements.

A graphic character set consisting of symbols used in Japanese idiographic alphabets. Each character is represented by 2 bytes.

In programming languages, a lexical unit that, in certain contexts, characterizes some language construct; a keyword normally has the form of an identifier.

See local area network.

The number of characters in a character string.

a) A named area on disk that can contain programs and related information (not files). A library consists of different sections, called library members.

b) A partitioned dataset containing file members for the mainframe.

A named collection of records or statements in a library.

The movement of the print or display position to the corresponding position on the next line.

In computer security, combining data or information from one information system with data or information from another system with the intention to derive additional information; for example, the combination of computer files from two or more sources.

A computer program for creating load modules from one or more object modules or creating load modules by resolving cross references among the modules and, if necessary, adjusting addresses.

To create a loadable computer program by means of a linkage editor. See also linkage editor.

All or part of a computer program in a form suitable for loading into main storage for execution. A load module is usually the output of a linkage editor.

A computer network located on the user's premises and covering a limited geographical area. Communication within a local area network is not subject to external regulations; however, communication across the LAN boundary can be subject to some form of regulation.

The process of preparing an extracted module for a target environment. The following items are addressed: messages are displayed and logged in the user's language; numbers, money, dates, and time are represented using the user's cultural convention; and documents are displayed in the user's language. See also globalization. Contrast with internationalization.

A variable that is defined and used only in one specified portion of a computer program. Contrast with global variable.

The log file maintained by the MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS Server. The server log file contains entries of events for each service managed by the MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS Server.

A type of network-accessible unit that enables end users to gain access to network resources and communicate with each other.

A type of logical unit that supports general communication between programs in a distributed processing environment. See also advanced program-to-program communication.

The act of gaining access to a computer system by entering identification and authentication information at the workstation.

See logical unit.

See logical unit 6.2.

An instruction in a source language that is to be replaced by a defined sequence of instructions in the same source language and that can also specify values for parameters in the replaced instructions.

A large computer, in particular one to which other computers can be connected so that they can share facilities the mainframe provides; for example, a System/370 computing system to which personal computers are attached so that they can upload and download programs and data.

Sybase products that enable client applications to communicate with mainframes in a client/server environment. See client/server.

A Sybase suite of products that enable access to both mainframe- and LAN-based data sources.

A Sybase mainframe solution that provides dynamic access to DB2 data. It replaces the ASE/CIS Access Module for DB2 and the functionality in the MDI Access Server. See also Customer Information Control System, Database 2, Multiple Virtual Storage.

Program-addressable storage from which instructions and other data can be loaded directly into registers for subsequent execution or processing.

A set of values that have defined correspondence with the quantities or values of another set.

A partition of a partitioned dataset.

The number that uniquely identifies an error message.

Installation of a new version or release of a program to replace an earlier version or release.

A program unit that is discrete and identifiable with respect to compiling, combining with other units, and loading; for example, the input to or output from an assembler, compiler, linkage editor, or executive routine.

An IBM operating system that runs on most System/370 and System/390 mainframes. It supports 24-bit addressing up to 16 megabytes.

An IBM operating system that extends virtual memory to 16 terabytes. It allows larger applications, such as DB2, to run more efficiently.

A version of MVS that supports 31-bit addressing of up to 2 gigabytes.

See Multiple Virtual Storage.

See Multiple Virtual Storage/Enterprise Systems Architecture.

See Multiple Virtual Storage/Extended Architecture.

See Network Control Program.

A Sybase product that provides communication between a mainframe and a LAN server. Net-Gateway is the "ancestor" of the DirectConnect Transaction Router Service.

To incorporate one or more structures of one kind into a structure of the same kind; for example, to nest one loop (the nested or inner loop) within another loop (the nesting or outer loop); to nest one subroutine within another subroutine.

A configuration of data processing devices and software connected for information exchange.

An IBM licensed program that provides communication controller support for single domain, multiple-domain, and interConnected network capability.

A pointer that does not point to a data object.

See Omni Access Module.

A passive entity that contains or receives information but cannot change the information it contains. In MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS, objects include rows, tables, databases, stored procedures, triggers, defaults, and views.

Output from a compiler or assembler that is also executable machine code or is suitable for processing to produce executable machine code. Contrast with source code.

See Open Database Connectivity.

Provides built-in access to ISAM, RMS, and Adaptive Server.

A Sybase product that provides customer applications, third-party products, and other Sybase products with the interfaces required to communicate with Open Client and Open Server applications.

An application written using Open Client libraries.

A Sybase product that provides capability for the mainframe to act as a client to LAN-based resources. See client.

A Microsoft API that allows access to both relational and non-relational databases. ODBC allows client application developers to produce vendor-neutral Windows applications that can access data sources without including code for a specific database. See also application program interface.

A Sybase product that provides the tools and interfaces required to create a custom server. For example, clients can route requests to DirectConnect, which is an Open Server application that they configured to meet specific needs, such as the preprocessing of SQL statements or decision making about routing RPCs to Transaction Router Service for DB2 or to other servers. See the Open Server documentation for information about this product.

A Sybase product that provides capability for programmatic access to mainframe data.

An installation tape that installs the portion of Open ServerConnect that is required by MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS to operate correctly.

To write into an area of storage, thereby destroying the data previously stored in the same area.

A variable that is given a constant value for a specified application and that can denote the application. Contrast with property.

In systems with time sharing, to analyze the operands entered with a command and create a parameter list for the command processor from the information.

To direct data so that the output from one process becomes the input to another process. The standard output of one command can be connected to the standard input of another with the pipe operator (|). Two commands connected in this way constitute a pipeline.

The operating system environment in which a program runs.

See Programming Language/I.

A data element that indicates the location of another data element.

To determine whether any remote device on a telecommunication line is ready to transmit data.

To process programs containing SQL statements before they are compiled. SQL statements are replaced with statements that will be recognized by the host language compiler. The output from this precompile includes source code that can be submitted to the compiler and used in the bind process.

A sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute.

An artificial language for expressing computer programs.

A programming language designed for use in a wide range of commercial and scientific computer applications.

A setting for a server or service that defines the characteristics of the service, such as how events are logged or how datatypes are converted. Contrast with parameter.

A set of rules that governs the behavior of computers communicating on a network.

A set of instructions that is logically structured but does not follow the syntax of any particular programming language.

See relational database management system.

A set of one or more related data items grouped for processing.

A database in which data is viewed as being stored in tables consisting of columns (data items) and rows (units of information). Data from different tables can be combined to form new data relationships.

An application that controls relational databases. See also relational database. Contrast with database management system.

A stored procedure executed on a different MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS server from the one onto which a user is logged.

A customer-written CICS program that resides on the mainframe and communicates with MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS for DB2/MVS. See also Customer Information Control System. Contrast with Client Services Application.

One or more database operations the application sends as a unit to the database. During a request, the application gives up control to the DBMS and waits for its response. Depending upon the response, the application commits or rolls back the request. One or more requests can be grouped into a single unit of work. See also commit, rollback.

A main storage table that associates each resource identifier with an external logical unit (LU) or application program.

A value returned to a program to indicate the results of an operation requested by that program.

An instruction to a database to back out of the changes requested in a unit of work. Contrast with commit.

An attaching device that connects two LAN segments, which use similar or different architectures, at the OSI reference model network layer. Contrast with bridge, gateway.

A program, or part of a program, that can have general or frequent use.

See remote procedure call.

See remote stored procedure.

See single-byte character set.

A functional unit that provides shared services to workstations over a network. Contrast with client. See client/server.

A functionality available to DirectConnect applications. It is the pairing of a service library and a set of specific configuration properties.

A set of configuration properties that determine service functionality. Examples of service libraries include access service libraries, transfer service libraries, administrative service libraries, and transaction router service libraries. See also Access Service Library.

A command interpreter that acts as an interface between the user and the operating system. A shell can contain another shell nested inside it; the outer shell is the parent shell and the inner shell is the child.

A character set in which each character is represented by a 1-byte code. Contrast with double-byte character set.

See Systems Network Architecture.

A unique host identifier created by the concatenation of a port identifier with a TCP/IP address.

The input to a compiler or assembler, written in a source language. Contrast with object code.

A language from which statements are translated.

An area in which a CSA exchanges information with Open ClientConnect.

See structured query language.

A set of variables used in the processing of certain SQL statements. The SQLDA is intended for dynamic SQL programs.

See SQLDA.

The server in the Sybase Client-Server architecture. It manages multiple databases and multiple users, tracks the actual location of data on disks, maintains mapping of logical data description to physical data storage, and maintains data and procedure caches in memory. See also Adaptive Server Enterprise.

The movement of data from an off-line or low-priority device back to an online or higher-priority device, usually on demand of the system or on request of a user.

An operation that is independent of any other device, program, or system.

The primary source of data entered into a command. Standard input comes from the keyboard unless redirection or piping is used, in which case standard input can be from a file or the output from another command.

A basic unit of SQL, which is a single SQL operation, such as select, update, or delete.

SQL statements that are embedded within a program and are prepared during the program preparation process before the program runs. After being prepared, the statement itself does not change, although values of host variables specified by the statement can change. Contrast with dynamic SQL.

See standard input.

See SPAREA.

In programming languages, the form of data used for storing and manipulating text. For example, in PL/I, a string is a sequence of characters or bits that is treated as a single data item; and in SQL, a string is a character string.

A mechanism that permits variable-length data or non-3270 data to be encoded for transmission in the 3270 data stream.

An IBM industry-standard language for processing data in a relational database.

A program module that transfers remote procedure calls and responses between a client and a server. See client, server.

The rules for how to construct a statement.

A user authorized to handle MainframeConnect for DB2/MVS-CICS system administration, including creating user accounts, assigning permissions, and creating new databases.

An IBM proprietary plan for the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for transmitting information units through networks and controlling network configuration and operation. See also advanced program-to-program communication.

A programmer who plans, generates, maintains, extends, and controls the use of an operating system with the aim of improving overall productivity of an installation.

An array of data or a named data object that contains a specific number of unordered rows. Each item in a row can be unambiguously identified by means of one or more arguments.

See Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

In computer programming, storage locations reserved for intermediate results.

An operating system option for the System/370 system; the option provides interactive time sharing from remote terminals. See also Customer Information Control System.

An exchange between a program on a local system and a program on a remote system that accomplishes a particular action or result.

A DirectConnect feature that allows users to move data or copies of data from one database to another.

A program or subroutine that does not reside in main storage or in a temporary storage area for such a program.

A set of communication protocols that supports peer-to-peer connectivity functions for both local and wide area networks.

To detect, locate, and eliminate errors in computer programs or faults in hardware.

See Time Sharing Option.

Pertaining to the capital letters, as distinguished from the small letters; for example, A, B, G, rather than a, b, g.

An entity that is assigned a value. DirectConnect has two kinds of variables, called local variables and global variables.

A record having a length independent of the length of other records with which it is logically or physically associated. Contrast with fixed-length record.

An IBM licensed program that controls communication and the flow of data in an SNA network. It provides single-domain, multiple-domain, and interconnected network capability.

A set of programs that maintain control of the communication between terminals and application programs running under DOS/VS, OS/VS1, OS/VS2, and MVS operating systems.

See Virtual Storage Access Method.

See Virtual Telecommunications Access Method.

A terminal, microcomputer, or personal computer usually one that is connected to a mainframe or to a network, at which a user can perform tasks.